Effectiveness of stress management interventions for nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Elevated stress levels are related to diminished mental health, potentially leading to decreased well-being and performance of nursing students. While researchers have focused on developing stress management interventions, there is a need to synthesize the evidence. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to assess the evidence for the effectiveness of stress management interventions in nursing students. A systematic literature search identified controlled stress management interventions employing a validated psychological or physiological stress measure. Forty-one studies were included, with 36 forming a pool of 2715 participants in the meta-analysis. The overall effect on psychological stress was positive. Intervention type, delivery modality, intervention duration in weeks, and number of sessions were moderators of intervention effectiveness, with more significant effects for mind-body programs, on-site delivery methods, durations of 9-12 weeks, and 15-30 sessions. For physiological stress, the biomarkers of blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol levels decreased significantly. Future research is necessary for promising outcomes related to currently underrepresented indicators and to investigate the long-term effects of interventions.

The Birth and Beyond (BABY) study: protocol for a birth cohort study investigating the social and environmental determinants of pregnancy-related outcomes in Black American families.

INTRODUCTION: In the USA, Black birthing people and infants experience disproportionately worse pregnancy-related health outcomes. The causes for these disparities are unknown, but evidence suggests that they are likely socially and environmentally based. Efforts to identify the determinants of these racial disparities are urgently needed to elucidate the highest priority targets for intervention. The Birth and Beyond (BABY) study evaluates how micro-level (eg, interpersonal and family) and macro-level (eg, neighbourhood and environmental) risk and resiliency factors transact to shape birth person-infant health, and underlying psychobiological mechanisms. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The BABY study will follow 350 Black families (birthing parents, non-birthing parents and infants) from pregnancy through the first postpartum year, with research visits during pregnancy and at infant ages 6 and 12 months. Research visits comprise a combination of interview about a range of recent and life course stress and resiliency exposures and supports, psychophysiological (sympathetic, parasympathetic and adrenocortical) assessment and behavioural observations of parent-infant coregulatory behaviours. Spatial analyses are completed by mapping parent current and past residential addresses onto archival public data (eg, about neighbourhood quality and racial segregation). Finally, EMRs are abstracted for information about birthing parent relevant medical history, pregnancy conditions and infant birth outcomes. Analyses will evaluate the risk and resiliency mechanisms that contribute to pregnancy and birth-related outcomes for Black birthing people and their infants, and the protective role of individual, familial, cultural, and community supports. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The BABY study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at Albany Medical Centre. The study team consulted with local organisations and groups comprised of stakeholders and community leaders and continues to do so throughout the study. Research results will be disseminated with the scientific and local community as appropriate.

Effects of cannabidiol on psychosocial stress, situational anxiety and nausea in a virtual reality environment: a protocol for a single-centre randomised clinical trial.

INTRODUCTION: The non-intoxicating plant-derived cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD), has demonstrated therapeutic potential in a number of clinical conditions. Most successful clinical trials have used relatively high (≥300 mg) oral doses of CBD. Relatively few studies have investigated the efficacy of lower (<300 mg) oral doses, typical of those available in over-the-counter CBD products. METHODS: We present a protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial investigating the effects of a low oral dose (150 mg) of CBD on acute psychosocial stress, situational anxiety, motion sickness and cybersickness in healthy individuals. Participants (n=74) will receive 150 mg of CBD or a matched placebo 90 min before completing three virtual reality (VR) challenges (tasks) designed to induce transient stress and motion sickness: (a) a 15 min 'Public Speaking' task; (b) a 5 min 'Walk the Plank' task (above a sheer drop); and (c) a 5 min 'Rollercoaster Ride' task. The primary outcomes will be self-reported stress and nausea measured on 100 mm Visual Analogue Scales. Secondary outcomes will include salivary cortisol concentrations, skin conductance, heart rate and vomiting episodes (if any). Statistical analyses will test the hypothesis that CBD reduces nausea and attenuates subjective, endocrine and physiological responses to stress compared with placebo. This study will indicate whether low-dose oral CBD has positive effects in reducing acute psychosocial stress, situational anxiety, motion sickness and cybersickness. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee has granted approval (2023/307, version 1.6, 16 February 2024). Study findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and at academic conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12623000872639).

Metabolic Adaptation and Cellular Stress Response As Targets for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer cells, which divide indefinitely and without control, are frequently exposed to various stress factors but manage to adapt and survive. The mechanisms by which cancer cells maintain cellular homeostasis and exploit stress conditions are not yet clear. Here, we elucidate the roles of diverse cellular metabolism and its regulatory mechanisms, highlighting the essential role of metabolism in cellular composition and signal transduction. Cells respond to various stresses, including DNA damage, energy stress, and oxidative stress, thereby causing metabolic alteration. We provide profound insight into the adaptive mechanisms employed by cancer cells to ensure their survival among internal and external stressors through a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between metabolic alterations and cellular stress. Furthermore, this research establishes a robust framework for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies that specifically target the cellular adaptations of cancer cells.

Efecto del estrés agudo y de la variación del estímulo masticatorio sobre el dolor nociceptivo somático en un modelo murino

Introducción. El estrés agudo se relaciona con la enérgica liberación de catecolaminas, citoquinas y cortisol, las cuales afectan la percepción dolorosa. La masticación estimula neuronas serotoninérgicas, dichas neuronas modulan a las vías neurales del dolor; sin embargo, la relación entre dichas variables aún está en proceso de entendimiento. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del estrés agudo y del estímulo masticatorio sobre el dolor. Métodos. Experimento que se desarrolló en el bioterio de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNMSM. 40 ratones Balb/c machos de 8 semanas de edad. Los ratones fueron asignados aleatoriamente en 5 grupos iguales. A: semana 1 sin ningún estímulo y semana 2 estimulo masticatorio + estrés. B: semana 1 sin ningún estímulo y semana 2 estrés. C: semana 1 estrés y semana 2 sin ningún estímulo. D: semana 1 estímulo masticatorio + estrés y semana 2 sin ningún estímulo. E: control, sin ningún estimulo. El dolor se evaluó en los 5 grupos a los 7 y 14 días mediante la prueba de tiempo de retirada de la cola ante estímulo térmico. Resultados. Se empleó la prueba de ANOVA para la evaluación intergrupo, no hallándose diferencia significativa. Mediante la prueba de t student para muestras relacionadas se hizo la evaluación intragrupo donde se encontró diferencia significativa entre los 7 vs los 14 días tanto en el grupo A (p=0,029) como en el grupo C (p=0,03). Conclusión. El efecto del estrés agudo sobre la percepción dolorosa fue disminuida por el estímulo masticatorio en ratones Balb/c.

Introduction. Acute stress is related to the energetic release of catecholamines, cytokines, and cortisol, which trigger pain perception. Chewing stimulates serotonergic neurons, these neurons modulate the neural pathways of pain; however, the relationship between these variables is still in the process of understanding. Objective. To determine the effect of acute stress and chewing stimulus on pain. Methods. an experiment that was developed in the Faculty of Medicine of the UNMSM. 40 eight-week-old male Balb/c mice were randomly assigned into 5 equal groups. A: week 1 without any stimulus and week 2 chewing stimulus + stress. B: week 1 without any stimulus and week 2 stress. C: week 1 stress and week 2 without any stimulus. D: week 1 masticatory stimulus + stress and week 2 without any stimulus. E: control, without any stimulus. Pain was assessed in the 5 groups at 7 and 14 days using the tail-withdrawal time test before thermal stimulation. Results. The ANOVA test was used for the intergroup evaluation, finding no significant difference. Using the t student test for related samples, the intragroup evaluation was made, where a significant difference was found between 7 vs. 14 days, both in group A (p=0.029) and in group C (p=0.03). Conclusion. The effect of acute stress on pain perception was decreased by chewing stimulus in Balb/c mice.

The Effect of Body Relaxation Techniques on Pre-Eclampsia Syndrome.

Background: Hypertension in the second trimester of pregnancy is accompanied by proteinuria that is called Preeclampsia Syndrome (PES). Body relaxation is a technique which makes harmony between mind and body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Body Relaxation Technique (BRT) on some symptoms of Preeclampsia Syndrome (PES). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 96 high-risk pregnant women who were selected by random sampling method from among women referring to community health centers of Isfahan city. The samples were divided into intervention and control groups by even and odd numbers. The intervention group members received BRT during 16 sessions. Blood pressure and proteinuria were measured and recorded before and after the intervention in both groups at the beginning and in the 36th week of pregnancy. The collected data were analyzed. Result: According to the Chi-square test, the frequency of PES was 11.10% and 23.50% in the intervention and control groups, respectively (χ2 = 3.95, df = 1, p = 0.046). After the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the diastolic blood pressure and proteinuria. Systolic blood pressure and stress were also significantly reduced in the intervention group. However, proteinuria was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Based on the results, the relaxation technique, as an easy technique, is recommended for pregnant women who are susceptible to pregnancy hypertension and preeclampsia. Moreover, as a clinical complementary method, it can be recommended for preventing the symptoms of PES.

Changes in Physiological Indices Before and After Nursing Care of Postoperative Patients With Esophageal Cancer in the ICU.

Introduction: Various stressors have been identified in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), including postoperative pain, ventilatory management, and nursing care. However, sedated patients are less responsive, and nurses have difficulty capturing their stressors. Objective: To investigate patient stress caused by nursing care performed in the ICU on sedated patients based on changes in physiological indices. Methods: We observed nursing care performed on patients with postoperative esophageal cancer under sedation in the ICU. This included endotracheal suctioning and turning, the time required for the care, and the patients' behavioral responses. Information on arousal levels, autonomic nervous system indices, and vital signs were also obtained. The changes in indicators before and after care were then compared and analyzed. Results: There were 14 patients in the study. The mean age of the patients was 68 years. Ninety-nine scenes of nursing care were observed, and in six of these, additional bolus sedation was administered because of the patient's significant body movements. In endotracheal suctioning, no significant changes were observed in all indicators. In turning, vital signs changed significantly, and when both were continued, all indicators changed significantly. Conclusion: Our study found that different types and combinations of nursing care may cause different stresses to the patients. Moreover, the autonomic nervous system indices may be more likely to react to stresses in a variety of nursing care, while arousal levels may be more likely to react to burdensome stresses. If the characteristics of these physiological indicators can be understood and effectively utilized during care, it may be possible to better identify and reduce patient stress during sedation management.

Estrés académico autopercibido y factores relacionados en una escuela privada de odontología en Cartagena, Colombia / Self-perceived academic stress and related factors in a private dental school from Cartagena, Colombia / Estresse acadêmico auto-percebido e fatores relacionados em uma escola particular de odontologia em Cartagena, Colômbia

Introducción: El estrés académico surge de una interacción entre factores estresantes ambientales y las reacciones de los estudiantes, asociándose con frustración y fracaso académico. Además, algunos factores demográficos y familiares influyen en el estrés. Objetivo: Analizar estrés académico, factores demográficos y familiares en estudiantes de Odontología en Escuela privada de Cartagena. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en 158 estudiantes. Se aplicó cuestionario sociodemográfico, APGAR familiar e inventario SISCO. Se analizó los datos mediante estadística descriptiva y prueba X2. Resultados: Se encontró disfuncionalidad familiar y mal soporte de amigos en casi la mitad de los participantes, niveles de preocupación moderada cercana a 70%, alta frecuencia de demandas del entorno (estresores), reacciones comportamentales y presencia de síntomas ante estímulo estresor. Hubo asociación entre alta frecuencia de inquietud en situaciones cotidianas y pertenecer a semestres básicos, baja frecuencia de uso de estrategias de afrontamiento y sexo femenino, alta frecuencia de reacciones comportamentales y disfunción familiar. Conclusiones: Los principales factores identificados fueron pertenecer a semestres básicos, ser mujer y presencia de disfuncionalidad familiar. Los niveles de estrés y disfuncionalidad familiar sugieren una alerta para intervenir desde bienestar universitario, previniendo condiciones desfavorables en la salud y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.

Introduction: Academic stress arises from an interaction between environmental stressors and student reactions, which are associated with academic frustration and academic failure. Likewise, there are demographic and family factors that affect stress. Objective: To analyze academic stress, demographic and family factors in Dentistry students at a private school in Cartagena. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with 158 students. The APGAR family sociodemographic questionnaire and SISCO inventory were used. Descriptive statistics and the X2 test were applied to analyze data. Results: Family dysfunction and low friend support were observed in almost half of the participants, 70% displayed moderate anxiety levels. Also, a high frequency of environmental demands (stressors), behavioral reactions, and the presence of symptoms in response to the stressors were found. There were associations between: high frequency of restlessness in everyday situations and belonging to initial semesters; low frequency of using coping strategies and female gender; and high frequency of behavioral reactions and family dysfunction. Conclusions: The main factors identified were belonging to initial semesters, being a woman, and family dysfunction. Levels of stress and family dysfunction can be used as a signal for university welfare services to intervene and prevent unfavorable student health and academic performance conditions.

Introdução: O estresse acadêmico surge de uma interação entre os estressores ambientais e as reações dos alunos, associados à frustração e ao fracasso acadêmico. Além disso, alguns fatores demográficos e familiares influenciam o estresse. Objetivo: Analisar o estresse acadêmico, fatores demográficos e familiares em estudantes de odontologia de uma escola particular de Cartagena. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo, em 158 estudantes. Questionários sociodemográficos, APGAR familiar e inventário SISCO foram aplicados. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e teste X2. Resultados: Disfunção familiar e pouco apoio dos amigos foram encontrados em quase metade dos participantes, níveis de preocupação moderada próximos a 70 %, alta frequência de demandas do ambiente (estressores), reações comportamentais e presença de sintomas diante de estímulos estressantes. Houve associação entre alta frequência de inquietação em situações cotidianas e pertencimento aos semestres básicos, baixa frequência do uso de estratégias de enfrentamento e sexo feminino, alta frequência de reações comportamentais e disfunção familiar. Conclusões: Os principais fatores identificados foram pertencer aos semestres básicos, ser mulher e a presença de disfunção familiar. Os níveis de estresse e disfuncionalidade familiar sugerem um alerta para intervir da unidade de bem-estar da universidade para prevenir condições desfavoráveis na saúde e desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes.

Efecto del estímulo masticatorio y estrés agudo sobre la interleuquina 6, la memoria y el aprendizaje espacial en ratones Balb/c

Introducción. El estrés agudo altera la memoria y aprendizaje espacial y la expresión de la interleuquina 6 (IL-6), mientras que el estímulo masticatorio evitaría dichos efectos. Objetivo. Determinar el efecto del estímulo masticatorio y el estrés agudo sobre la expresión de interleuquina 6, la memoria y el aprendizaje espacial en ratones. Métodos. Experimento con 70 ratones albinos machos de 2 meses de edad de la cepa Balb/c que fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en grupo A1: estrés agudo 1 hora; grupo A2: estrés agudo 1 hora + estímulo masticatorio 1 hora; grupo B1: estrés agudo 2 horas; grupo B2: estrés agudo 2 horas + estímulo masticatorio 2 horas; grupo C1: estrés agudo 3 horas; grupo C2: estrés agudo 3 horas + estímulo masticatorio 3 horas; y grupo D: sin intervención. Durante 3 días, se evaluó la memoria y el aprendizaje espacial en el laberinto acuático de Morris. La IL-6 fue determinada mediante ELISA. Resultados. La IL-6 fue mayor en el grupo B2 vs los demás grupos (p < 0,001). Además, en el primer día de evaluación, la adquisición de memoria y aprendizaje espacial fue menor en el grupo A1 vs A2 (p = 0,042). Conclusión. Solo en el primer día de evaluación encontramos que el estímulo masticatorio previno la disminución de la adquisición de memoria y aprendizaje espacial en ratones sometidos a estrés agudo de baja intensidad. Los resultados en general no fueron concluyentes sobre el efecto del estímulo masticatorio. Además, la IL-6 fue mayor en el estrés + el estímulo masticatorio (grupo B2) sobre el resto.

Introduction. Acute stress alters memory and spatial learning and the expression of interleukin 6, the chewing stimulus would prevent these effects. Objective. To determine the effect of chewing stimulation and acute stress on the expression of interleukin 6 and memory and spatial learning in mice. Methods. Experiment where 70 male albino mice of the Balb/c of age 2 month were randomly distributed into: Group A1: acute stress 1 hour; Group A2: acute stress 1 hour + chewing stimulus 1 hour; Group B1: acute stress 2 hours; Group B2: acute stress 2 hours + chewing stimulus 2 hours; Group C1: acute stress 3 hours; C2: acute stress 3 hours + chewing stimulus 3 hours; Group D: without intervention. For 3 days, spatial memory and learning were tested in the Morris water maze. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) was analyzed by ELISA test. Results. IL-6 was higher in the B2 group vs the other groups (p<0.0001). In addition, on the first day of evaluation, the acquisition of spatial memory and spatial was lower in the A1 vs. A2 group (p=0.042). Conclusión. Only on the first day of evaluation, we found that the masticatory stimulus prevented the decrease in memory acquisition and spatial learning in mice subjected to low-intensity acute stress. The results were generally inconclusive on the effect of masticatory stimulation. In addition, IL-6 was higher in the stress + masticatory stimulus (group B2) over the rest.

Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for improving depression, anxiety and distress: an overview of systematic reviews.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesise the evidence on the effects of physical activity on symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adult populations. DESIGN: Umbrella review. DATA SOURCES: Twelve electronic databases were searched for eligible studies published from inception to 1 January 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials designed to increase physical activity in an adult population and that assessed depression, anxiety or psychological distress were eligible. Study selection was undertaken in duplicate by two independent reviewers. RESULTS: Ninety-seven reviews (1039 trials and 128 119 participants) were included. Populations included healthy adults, people with mental health disorders and people with various chronic diseases. Most reviews (n=77) had a critically low A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews score. Physical activity had medium effects on depression (median effect size=-0.43, IQR=-0.66 to -0.27), anxiety (median effect size=-0.42, IQR=-0.66 to -0.26) and psychological distress (effect size=-0.60, 95% CI -0.78 to -0.42), compared with usual care across all populations. The largest benefits were seen in people with depression, HIV and kidney disease, in pregnant and postpartum women, and in healthy individuals. Higher intensity physical activity was associated with greater improvements in symptoms. Effectiveness of physical activity interventions diminished with longer duration interventions. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Physical activity is highly beneficial for improving symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress across a wide range of adult populations, including the general population, people with diagnosed mental health disorders and people with chronic disease. Physical activity should be a mainstay approach in the management of depression, anxiety and psychological distress. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021292710.

Stress hyperglycemia ratio predicts the outcome of successful recanalization after endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and poor outcome of successful recanalization after endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:From January 2019 to October 2022, patients with acute ischemic stroke received endovascular treatment and successful recanalization in the Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang were included retrospectively. SHR was defined as the fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin ratio. At 90 d after procedure, the outcome of patients was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale score. 0-3 was defined as good outcome, and >3 was defined as poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factor for poor outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of SHR for 90 d poor outcome in patients with successful recanalization after endovascular treatment.Results:A total of 159 patients were enrolled, including 98 males (61.6%), aged 69.8±8.9 years old. The baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 12.6±4.3, and SHR was 1.17±0.46. One hundred and five patients (66.0%) had good outcome, while 54 (34.0%) had poor outcome. There were statistically significant differences in SHR, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, baseline NIHSS score and the proportion of patients with poor collateral circulation and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage between the poor outcome group and the good outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SHR was an independent predictor of poor outcome (odds ratio 2.254, 95% confidence interval 1.136-4.278; P<0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of SHR for predicting poor outcome was 0.726 (95% confidence interval 0.648-0.804; P<0.001), which was higher than fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin. The optimal cutoff value for SHR was 1.21, and the sensitivity and specificity for predicting poor outcomes were 66.23% and 75.82%, respectively. Conclusion:SHR is associated with the poor outcome of successful recanalization after endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke and can be used as a potential predictor.

Estrés académico en estudiantes de Enfermería durante la pandemia: retos, afrontamientos, perspectivas inmediatas / Academic stress in Nursing students during the pandemic: challenges, coping, immediate perspectives

Introducción: la COVID-19 ha sido un reto considerable para obtener una formación de elevada calidad para los discentes del área de Enfermería porque las universidades continuaban con normas, estrategias anticuadas que no respondían a los cambios. Objetivo: exponer los elementos teóricos relacionados con el estrés académico en los estudiantes de Enfermería, el afrontamiento durante el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en tiempos de pandemia de COVID-19 y cuáles han sido las estrategias llevadas a cabo por las instituciones de educación superior. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática para desarrollar un análisis crítico reflexivo sobre el contenido de las bibliografías, con una búsqueda documental basada en los 32 artículos científicos originales previamente seleccionados, publicaciones en idioma inglés, español y portugués en las bases de datos Scopus, Pubmed, Dialnet, Scielo, Elsevier, Latindex y Web of Science. Las palabras claves utilizadas fueron: estrés, academia, resiliencia, pandemia y enseñanza virtual. Desarrollo: el cambio del entorno presencial al virtual provocó un viraje significativo en el desarrollo del modo de enseñanza aprendizaje generando estrés, por lo que se deben manejar protocolos de atención para los estudiantes. Conclusiones: la academia fue sorprendida por la pandemia, como sucedió con la población en general. No se articularon suficientes estrategias para poder enfrentar las diferentes situaciones que generaron el estrés académico. Es necesario abordar la resiliencia para todas las eventualidades de salud.

Introduction: COVID-19 has been a considerable challenge to obtain high-quality training for students in the Nursing area because universities continued with norms, outdated strategies that did not respond to changes. Objective: to analyse the characteristics of academic stress in Nursing students during the teaching-learning process in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: a systematic bibliographic review was carried out to develop a reflective critical analysis on the content of the bibliographies, with a documentary search based on the 32 previously selected original scientific articles, publications in English, Spanish and Portuguese in the Scopus databases, Pubmed, Dialnet, Scielo, Elsevier, Latindex, and Web of Science. The keywords used were stress, academy, resilience, pandemic, and virtual teaching. Development: the change from the face-to-face to the virtual environment caused a significant shift in the development of the teaching-learning mode, generating stress, for which reason care protocols for students must be managed. Conclusions: the academy was surprised by the pandemic, as it happened with the general population. Not enough strategies were articulated to be able to face the different situations that generated academic stress. Resilience needs to be addressed for all health eventualities.

Analysis of the relationship between perceived stress level and death anxiety in individuals with COPD / Análisis de la relación entre el nivel de estrés percibido y la ansiedad por la muerte en individuos con EPOC

ABSTRACT Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress level and death anxiety in individuals with COPD. Method: It was planned with a descriptive and relational screening design. It was carried out with the participation of 132 patients diagnosed with COPD. The study data were collected through Patient Information Form, Perceived Stress Scale, and Death Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used in data analysis. Results: The COPD patients' total perceived stress scale and perceived insufficient self-efficacy and perceived stress/distress subscale mean scores were found as 32.75 ± 5.32, 15.81 ± 3.60, and 16.93 ± 2.97, respectively. The patients' Anxiety total scale mean score was determined to be 6.96 ± 3.40. A positive and statistically significant relationship was found between COPD patients' Perceived Stress total scale mean score and their Death Anxiety Scale mean score (F = 4.332, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Perceived stress level of COPD patients was found to be at a high level, while their death anxiety level was determined as moderate. It was also determined that as perceived stress levels of the patients increased, their death anxiety levels also increased.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Investigar la relación entre el nivel de estrés percibido y la ansiedad ante la muerte en personas con EPOC. Método: Se planificó con un diseño de screening descriptivo y relacional. En el estudio participaron 132 pacientes diagnosticados de EPOC. Los datos del estudio se recopilaron mediante el Formulario de información del paciente, la Escala de estrés percibido y la Escala de ansiedad ante la muerte. En el análisis de datos se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas y análisis de regresión múltiple. Resultados: Las puntuaciones medias de la escala total de estrés percibido de los pacientes con EPOC y de la autoeficacia percibida insuficiente y de la subescala de estrés/angustia percibida fueron 32.75±5.32, 15.81±3.60 y 16.93±2.97 respectivamente. Se determinó que la puntuación media de la escala total de Ansiedad de los pacientes era 6.96 ± 3.40. Se encontró una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre la puntuación media de la escala total de Estrés Percibido de los pacientes con EPOC y la puntuación media de la Escala de Ansiedad ante la Muerte (F = 4.332, p <0.05). Conclusión: Se descubrió que el nivel de estrés percibido por los pacientes con EPOC era alto, mientras que se determinó que su nivel de ansiedad ante la muerte era moderado. También se determinó que a medida que aumentaban los niveles de estrés percibido de los pacientes, también aumentaban sus niveles de ansiedad ante la muerte.

RESUMO Objetivos: Objetivou-se investigar a relação entre nível de estresse percebido e ansiedade de morte em indivíduos com DPOC. Método: Foi planejado com design de triagem descritiva e relacional. Foi realizado com a participação de 132 pacientes diagnosticados com DPOC. Os dados do estudo foram coletados por meio da Ficha de Informações do Paciente, da Escala de Estresse Percebido e da Escala de Ansiedade de Morte. Estatísticas descritivas e análises de regressão múltipla foram utilizadas na análise dos dados. Resultados: Os escores médios da escala total de estresse percebido e autoeficácia percebida insuficiente e estresse/angústia percebida dos pacientes com DPOC foram de 32.75 ± 5.32, 15.81 ± 3.60 e 16.93 ± 2.97, respectivamente. A pontuação média da escala total de ansiedade dos pacientes foi determinada em 6.96±3.40. Foi encontrada uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre a pontuação média da escala total de Estresse Percebido dos pacientes com DPOC e a pontuação média da Escala de Ansiedade da Morte (F = 4.332, p < 0.05). Conclusão: O nível de estresse percebido dos pacientes com DPOC foi considerado alto, enquanto o nível de ansiedade de morte foi considerado moderado. Também foi determinado que, à medida que os níveis de estresse percebidos pelos pacientes aumentavam, os níveis de ansiedade de morte também aumentavam.

Are Stress Associated with Temporomandibular Dysfunction? A Cross-Sectional Study / O Estresse Está Associado à Disfunção Temporomandibular? Um Estudo Transversal

Temporomandibular disorders are frequent in different segments of the population and harm the quality of life of individuals. The present sudy aimed to investigate the association between stress and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) in university students in Brazil. All incoming students at the Federal University of Pelotas were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was used with socioeconomic and oral health variables. TMD Fonseca questionnaire "Fonseca's anamnestic index" was used to identify the severity of symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction. The same was elaborated in the form of Helkimo's anamnestic index. Stress was measured using a modified version of the Perceived Stress Scale and categorized into quartiles. Logistic multivariable regression models were used to analyze the associations of interest controlling for possible confounding variables. A backward stepwise procedure was used to select variables that should be kept in the final model. A total of 2,089 students answered the questionnaires and 82 (3.9%) were classified with the presence of TMD. Adjusted logistic regression shows that chance of presenting temporomandibular dysfunction was higher (OR=2.43; 95%CI=1.04-5.65) when the stress level increased. In conclusion, the mild degree of temporomandibular dysfunction was the most prevalent. Stress was associated with individuals with a higher prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunction. (AU)

As disfunções temporomandibulares são frequentes em diferentes segmentos da população e prejudicam a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre estresse e disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) em estudantes universitários no Brasil. Todos os alunos ingressantes da Universidade Federal de Pelotas foram convidados a participar deste estudo transversal. Foi utilizado um questionário autoaplicável com variáveis ​​socioeconômicas e de saúde bucal. O questionário TMD Fonseca "Índice anamnésico de Fonseca" foi utilizado para identificar a gravidade dos sintomas da disfunção temporomandibular. O mesmo foi elaborado na forma de índice anamnésico de Helkimo. O estresse foi medido usando uma versão modificada da Perceived Stress Scale e categorizado em quartis. Modelos de regressão logística multivariada foram usados ​​para analisar as associações de interesse controlando possíveis variáveis ​​de confusão. Um procedimento de backward stepwise foi usado para selecionar as variáveis ​​que deveriam ser mantidas no modelo final. Um total de 2.089 alunos responderam aos questionários e 82 (3,9%) foram classificados com presença de DTM. A regressão logística ajustada mostra que a chance de apresentar disfunção temporomandibular foi maior (OR=2,43; IC95%=1,04-5,65) quando o nível de estresse aumentou. Em conclusão, o grau leve de disfunção temporomandibular foi o mais prevalente. O estresse foi associado a indivíduos com maior prevalência de disfunção temporomandibular. (AU)

Effects of swaddled and traditional tub bathing on stress and physiological parameters of preterm infants: A randomized clinical trial in China.

PURPOSE: The present research aims to study the effects of swaddled and traditional tub bathing on premature infants to identify better ways to bathe. DESIGN AND METHODS: Eligible premature infants (n = 60) were randomly assigned to either swaddled bathing or traditional tub bathing group. Stress scores and physiological indicators were measured 10 min before, immediately after, and 10 min after bathing. Crying times were also recorded for both groups. Data were reported as mean and standard deviation (SD) or frequency (percentage). For analyzing the data, the Student t-test and Chi-square test were employed. RESULTS: Swaddled bathing has less effect on the respiratory rate, heart rate, and oxygen saturation (p < 0.05). Both bathing methods led to a decrease in the temperature of infants. Still, the temperature of infants 10 min after bathing, in the swaddled bathing group was rose higher than the traditional tub bathing (t = 2.813, p < 0.05). The stress score of the swaddled bathing group, immediately after and ten minutes after bathing was lower than the traditional tub bathing group. The crying time of the swaddled bathing group was 32 ± 24.740(s) lower than the traditional tub bathing group 94.43 ± 41.625(s). CONCLUSIONS: The advantages of swaddled bathing over traditional tub bathing were validated for feasibility in China's preterm infants. Swaddled bathing is recommended method for bathing technique in the neonatal intensive care unit. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Swaddled bathing is beneficial for the development of premature infants, as it results in less noxious stimuli and stress on the developing premature neonates.

Effect of blood glucose on early neurological deterioration and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolytic therapy / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate effect of blood glucose on early neurological deterioration (END) and outcome after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Patients with AIS treated with intravenous thrombolysis in the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from June 2020 to December 2021 were collected retrospectively. Demographic and baseline clinical data of the patients were collected. END was defined as an increase of ≥2 in reassessing the maximum score of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale within 72 h after admission compared with the baseline. Poor outcome was defined as the modified Rankin Scale score ≥3 at 3 months after onset. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent correlation between various blood glucose indicators (including admission blood glucose [ABG], admission hyperglycemia [AH], fasting blood glucose [FBG] on the next day after admission, and stress hyperglycemia ratio [SHR]) and END and poor outcome after intravenous thrombolysis. Results:A total of 319 patients with AIS were enrolled, including 126 (39.5%) had AH, 67 (21.0%) had END, and 85 (26.6%) had poor outcomes at 3 months after onset. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, ABG (odds ratio [ OR] 1.188, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.105-1.278; P<0.001), AH ( OR 4.246, 95% CI 2.291-7.869; P<0.001), FBG ( OR 1.272, 95% CI 1.139-1.420; P<0.001), and SHR ( OR 2.559, 95% CI 1.192-5.664; P=0.016) were independently associated with END, while all blood glucose indicators were not independently associated with the poor outcomes at 3 months after onset. Conclusion:Higher blood glucose is independently associated with END after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with AIS, but not with the outcomes at 3 months after onset.

The Effect of Perceived Stress and Digital Literacy on Student Satisfaction with Distance Education / O efeito do estresse percebido e do letramento digital na satisfação do aluno quanto à educação a distância / El efecto del estrés percibido y la alfabetización digital en la satisfacción de los estudiantes en educación a distancia

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the relationship between perceived stress/digital literacy and student satisfaction in health science college students in the distance education process. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting data from 842 students. The dependent variable was student satisfaction in distance education. For the analyses, t-test, ANOVA (post hoc: Bonferroni), and linear regression methods were used. Results: Distance education student satisfaction was 178.21 ± 48.64. Student satisfaction was low among those who think that distance education is not more effective than face-to-face education, live in villages/towns, and have high perceived stress. Student satisfaction was high among those who do not have limited internet access, can access the internet via computer, follow the lessons regularly every week, think distance education is applicable in the health domain, can acquire instant feedback from the instructor, and have increased digital literacy. Conclusion: Distance education student satisfaction was found to be moderate. Student satisfaction in distance education increases as perceived stress levels decrease and digital literacy levels increase.

RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar a relação entre estresse percebido e letramento digital com a satisfação de alunos de faculdades de ciências da saúde no processo de educação a distância. Método: O estudo transversal foi realizado por meio da coleta de dados de 842 alunos. A variável dependente foi a satisfação dos alunos na educação a distância. Para as análises, foram utilizados os métodos de teste t, ANOVA (post hoc: Bonferroni) e regressão linear. Resultados: A satisfação dos alunos de educação a distância foi de 178,21 ± 48,64. A satisfação dos alunos foi baixa entre aqueles que pensam que a educação a distância não é mais eficaz do que a educação presencial, que moram em vilas/cidades e apresentam alto estresse percebido. A satisfação dos alunos foi alta entre aqueles que não têm acesso limitado à internet, podem acessar a internet pelo computador, acompanhar as aulas regularmente toda semana, acham que a educação a distância é aplicável no domínio da saúde, podem adquirir feedback instantâneo do instrutor e têm maior letramento digital. Conclusão A satisfação dos alunos de educação a distância foi considerada moderada. A satisfação dos alunos na educação a distância aumenta à medida que os níveis de estresse percebido diminuem e os níveis de letramento digital aumentam.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Examinar la relación entre el estrés percibido y la alfabetización digital con la satisfacción de los estudiantes de la facultad de ciencias de la salud en el proceso de educación a distancia. Método: El estudio transversal se realizó mediante la recopilación de datos de 842 estudiantes. La variable dependiente fue la satisfacción de los estudiantes en educación a distancia. Para los análisis, se utilizaron métodos de prueba t, ANOVA (post hoc: Bonferroni) y regresión lineal. Resultados: La satisfacción de los estudiantes de educación a distancia fue de 178,21 ± 48,64. La satisfacción de los estudiantes fue baja entre aquellos que piensan que la educación a distancia no es más efectiva que la educación presencial, los que viven en aldeas/pueblos y con un alto nivel de estrés percibido. La satisfacción de los estudiantes fue alta entre aquellos que no tienen acceso limitado a Internet, pueden acceder a Internet a través de una computadora, siguen las lecciones con regularidad todas las semanas, piensan que la educación a distancia es aplicable en el ámbito de la salud, pueden obtener retroalimentación instantánea del instructor y tienen un mayor conocimiento de alfabetización digital. Conclusión: Se encontró que la satisfacción de los estudiantes de educación a distancia es moderada. La satisfacción de los estudiantes en la educación a distancia aumenta a medida que disminuyen los niveles de estrés percibido y aumentan los niveles de alfabetización digital.